Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers in Agricultural Soils Which Have Received Biosolids Application
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چکیده
Title of Thesis: ENVIRONMENTAL FATE OF POLYBROMINATED DIPHENYL ETHERS IN AGRICULTURAL SOILS WHICH HAVE RECEIVED BIOSOLIDS APPLICATION Natasha Almeida Andrade, Master of Science, 2008 Directed By: Professor Alba Torrents Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering and Dr. Laura McConnell U.S. Department of Agriculture Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are used as additives in consumer products for their fire-retardant properties. While scientists observe PBDEs in various environmental media, little is known of their fate in soils. This study examines the potential fate of PBDEs in soils treated with biosolids. Surface soil samples were collected from commercial farms in the Mid-Atlantic region. Biosolids samples from the source wastewater treatment plant were collected to evaluate PBDE levels and trends. Results show that mean concentration of PBDEs in biosolids from this plant is 1496±158μg/kgd.w., mean concentration in soil from fields that had not received biosolids was 6.8μg/kgd.w., fields with a single application had a mean of 18μg/kgd.w., and fields with multiple applications had a mean of 52μg/kgd.w. Statistical analysis revealed that concentrations in the multiple application group were significantly higher than those in the single application group. This work suggests that PBDEs are relatively persistent in agricultural soils. ENVIRONMENTAL FATE OF POLYBROMINATED DIPHENYL ETHERS IN AGRICULTURAL SOILS WHICH HAVE RECEIVED BIOSOLIDS APPLICATION
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